[病因病理] 单侧肾缺如（孤立肾）是由于一侧生肾组织及输尿管芽不发育，或仅有残缺的后肾组织所引起。 [临床表现] 一般无症状。 [影像学表现] 1.尿路造影一侧无肾影、膀胱三角区不对称、患侧输尿管缺如。 2.B超或CT：一侧无肾，单侧肾常有代偿增大现象。 [鉴别诊断] 要注意与肾发育不全或肾萎缩和异位肾鉴别。这些情况下输尿管存在，膀胱正常，用超声、尿路造影、CT不难鉴别。
... 肾异位renal ectopia ectopic kidney 肾缺如agenesis of kidney anephrogenesis 孤立肾solitary kidney ...
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单侧肾缺如 unilateral renal agenesis ; unilateral agenesis of the kidney ; Renal agenesis, unilateral
双侧肾缺如 bilateral renal agenesis ; Renal agenesis, bilateral
先天性肾缺如 renal agenesis
双肾缺如 Bilateral renal agenesis
肾缺如,未特指 Renal agenesis, unspecified
肾缺如和肾的其他萎缩性缺陷 Renal agenesis and other reduction defects of kidney
结论：肾缺如、肾异位、肾游走患者肾动脉血流峰值流速的改变，为肾缺如、肾异位、肾游走的 鉴别诊断提供了新的依据。
Conclusions: It present a new way to differentiate unilateral renal ectopy and nephrospasis by measuring the changes of mean peak-systolic flow velocity of renal artery in these patients.
本书中有时也能发现我们赠送给读者的“小礼品”，一些大体标本的观察，例如先天性肾缺如的患者，其肾上腺是圆形的而不是成角的。
Some gross observations occasionally will be found as lagniappe, such as the notation that in patients with congenital absence of a kidney, the ipsilateral adrenal will be round rather than angulated.
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