大的肾结石阻塞了肾脏下极的肾盏，导致了局部的肾盂积水。
There was a large renal calculus (stone) that obstructed the calyces of the lower pole of this kidney, leading to a focal hydronephrosis (dilation of the collecting system).
在本例，一个大的“鹿角”样(因外形象鹿角，故而名之)结石充满了肾盂和肾盏。
In this case, a large "staghorn" calculus (so named because the prominent projections of the stone into the calyces resemble deer antlers) was present that filled up the pelvis and calyceal system.
结石常始发在下肾盏和肾盂输尿管连接处可为单个或多发，其大小甚悬殊，小的如粟粒，甚至为泥沙样，大的可以达到直径3厘米。
Calculus usually located in the connections between the end part of calyx and ureter. Their sizes can as small as sandy form or even large up to 3 cm in diameter.
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