背景：继发恶性肿瘤是遗传性视网膜母细胞瘤生存者早死主要原因。

Background: Subsequent malignant neoplasms are a major cause of premature death in survivors of hereditary retinoblastoma.

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继发的恶性肿瘤可以是血行转移或直接侵犯而来。

Secondary malignant tumors can occur by hematogenous spread or direct invasion.

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