我第一次学习发展经济学课程是在1973年,那一年由于阿拉伯国家的石油禁运导致经济动荡,而且布雷顿森林体系刚刚崩溃不久。
I first took a course in development economics in 1973, a year of economic turmoil with the Arab oil embargo and shortly after the downfall of the Bretton Woods exchange rate system.
在这些国家的成功面前,人们很容易忘记一些研究发展经济学的经济学家曾担忧过的“出口宿命论”,他们相信贫穷的国家在国际市场的冒险带来的所得甚少。
Given their success, it is easy to forget that some development economists were once prey to "export fatalism". Poor countries, they believed, had little to gain from venturing into the world market.
世界银行首席经济学家及发展经济学高级副行长布吉尼翁强调了这个思想,他亲自指导了报告的编写工作。
It's a message reinforced by the Bank's Chief Economist and Senior Vice President for Development Economics, Francois Bourguignon, who guided the team producing the report.
He seems to have known something about the modern economic theory of society long before modern economics was even developed.
而且是公开的驳斥,他似乎已知现代社会的经济原理,且是在现代经济学开始发展之前。
He is also a PhD candidate in Economics at Yale and he's been doing research on financial markets in developing countries.
他正在耶鲁攻读经济学博士学位,他目前正在研究,发展中国家的金融市场
Now a development economist--that's Santosh's field-- Development economics is a very important field in economics that is helping less developed countries emerge.
发展经济学...那是桑托什的研究领域,发展经济学是,经济学中一个非常重要的领域,它研究的是如何帮助欠发达地区实现经济崛起
应用推荐