本文对自噬的过程及其在细胞存活和死亡中的作用作一综述。

This review focuses on the processes of autophagy and its roles in cell survival and cell death.

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自噬在各种生命活动中发挥着重要作用，例如它可以加速细胞内的新陈代谢，或者在细胞处于缺血缺氧等饥饿状态时从分解产物中获得能量。

Autophagy plays an important role in a variety of life activity. For example, it can speed up cell metabolism or have the cells obtained energy from the decomposition products under ischemia-hypoxia.

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在后生动物有机体的细胞程序性死亡(PCD)中可以普遍观察到自噬现象。但它在垂死细胞的功能作用还不清楚。

Autophagy is commonly observed in metazoan organisms during programmed cell death (PCD), but its function in dying cells has been unclear.

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