红细胞膜中夹杂着3种蛋白质：糖蛋白、简单蛋白及膜收缩蛋白。红细胞抗原有些突出在细胞表面，好像伸出在地面上的树枝，如ABH抗原；有些镶嵌在细胞膜内，如Rh抗原。抗原与抗体发生特异反应的部分，叫做抗原决定簇。
对于其他的捐献者，有时候会故意输入血型不兼容的血液以产生抗红细胞抗原的抗体。
In other donors, an intentionally incompatible unit of blood is transfused to produce antibodies to the antigens on the red cells.
结果抗红细胞血型抗体可以牢固的结合在硅酸修饰过的玻片上，并且可以与其对应的红细胞抗原进行免疫学反应。
Results the RBC blood group antibody can be stably coated on the surface of the slide modified by silicic-acid, and it can be combined with its specific antigen RBC.
结果红细胞血型抗体可以牢固的结合在硅酸钠处理过的玻片上，并且可以与其对应的红细胞抗原发生免疫学反应。
Results Blood type antibodies can be stably coated on the surface of the slide modified by sodium-silicate, and the antibodies can combine with the corresponding RBCs.
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