...自上而下或相反的方法明确辅助结构与核心的关系,通过修辞功能衔接实现连贯,体现各部分的价值;第二种是篇章语法(text grammar)。这种观点认为,语篇是由表达一个统一主题(topic)或命题(theme)的各个成分组成的合格的(well-formed) 单位(grammatical unit)。
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大学英语写作教学中,教师往往只注重语法、词汇和篇章结构的处理,而忽略文学修辞手段,因此学生写作时语言单调直白,缺少生气。
In teaching college English writing teachers emphasize grammar, the use of words and expressions and the structure of the passage, but ignore the application of literature rhetoric methods in writing.
时态在英语语法中的重要性是无可置疑的,但是从篇章学的角度来分析时态的语篇衔接功能的研究还很少。
It is beyond challenge that tense occupies a crucial position in English grammar, but little has been achieved about its cohesive function in text.
在纯科学篇章中也存在隐含意义,具有语法、词汇、语义、语言上下文和语用表达手段。
There is implication in the pure scientific text, which is expressed by the means of grammar, vocabulary, semantics, context and pragmatics.
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