当你种植农作物、喂养牲口时，你要做的其中一件事就是砍伐森林。

When you grow crops and pasture your animals, one of the things you do is you cut down the forests.

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目前，在世界范围内，80%以上适合种植农作物的土地都在使用中。

At present, throughout the world, over 80% of the land that is suitable for raising crops is in use.

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一场持续时间较短的干旱耗尽了他们的粮食储备，而这可能已经让他们陷入了困境，因为种植农作物需要降雨，而不是水库。

A shorter drought in which they exhausted their stored food supplies might already have gotten them in deep trouble, because growing crops required rain rather than reservoirs.

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So it was a major change in human evolution where people started raising animals in large groups or started growing plants in large amounts.

这在人来演化史上是个巨大的变革,人类开始大规模饲养动物,或是大量种植农作物

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Serfs who are compelled to work the land, or in some places even slaves, well, they have no incentive, put aside the question even of capacity, to invest capital for the purpose of improving the size and quality of the their crops, their trees, their vines.

那些被强迫耕种土地的农奴,或者是那些在其他地方直接成为奴隶的人,刨除能动性因素,农场主们,没有任何理由投资钱财,去改善他们农作物,果树和葡萄,的种植规模和品质

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