这将是一种侵占的形式，由员工来承担传统上应由雇主支付的生产成本。

This would be a form of expropriation, with employees absorbing production costs that have traditionally been paid by the employer.

youdao

很清楚，在经济周期的顶部，消费者是如此难于得到原材料，以致他们宁愿支付高于生产成本的价格。

Clearly, at the top of the economic cycle, consumers will be so desperate to get their hands on raw materials that they will pay well over the cost of production.

youdao

哈尔弗得通过计算得出结论：消费者在咖啡馆中为所饮咖啡支付的额外花费，流向生产者的仅有10%。

Mr Harford calculates that only 10% of the premium paid for Fairtrade coffee in a coffee bar trickles down to the producer.

youdao