于是，不顾他的导师霍夫曼的强烈反对，他离开了大学，创立了现代化学工业。

So, over the fierce objections of his mentor Hofmann, he left college to give birth to the modern chemical industry.

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在形成的过程中，材料必须接收到环境信号，反映气候变化，并能被现代物理或化学手段破译。

In the process of formation, the material must have received an environmental signal that reflects a change in climate and that can be deciphered by modern physical or chemical means.

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我们也认识到物理形成了生物、化学、地理等学科的基础，是现代文明财富之一。

We also realize that physics forms the foundation for biology, chemistry, geology, etc. and the wealth of modern civilization.

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So, normally at this point, we do actually start class with a little bit of history from alchemy to modern chemistry, but I decided to skip that this year.

通常在这个时候,我们要从一些从炼金术,到现代化学的历史出发正式开始我们的课程。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

What we are seeing here is a big transition from just experiment and documentation to modern chemistry.

我们见证了一个很大的过度,从只是实验和,文件材料到现代化学。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So, again, all together, this is the basis for modern chemistry, and examples I just gave you, are some of the things that modern chemists are working on -- some of the issues that our country faces and our world faces, and how chemistry is involved in that.

所以说,所有的这些就是现代化学最基本的基础，我刚给你们介绍的例子,都是现代化学正在研究的东西,一些我们国家和全世界面临的问题，以及它们和化学的关系。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选