由单基因引起的疾病如血友病和镰状细胞贫血(sickle cell disease)等已被识别出来。但要检测出更复杂疾病中是哪些基因发生相互作用则被证明是十分困难的。
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例如，基因为抵抗疟疾而突变导致的镰刀状细胞贫血就是最好的例子。
Sickle-cell anaemia, caused by genes protect against malaria, is the most famous example.
只有当你同时遗传了父母双方的突变，你才会患上镰刀状细胞性贫血。
It's only when you inherit the mutation from both parents that you get sickle-cell anemia.
在一种特殊的遗传疾病镰形细胞贫血症中，红血球不是圆盘状而是镰刀状。
In one particular inherited disease, sickle cell anaemia, the red blood cells, instead of being flat discs, are sickle shaped.
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