讽刺的是，在所有这些过于激烈的争论背后，移民的净效应是微乎其微的。
The irony is that for all the overexcited debate, the net effect of immigration is minimal.
在这之前，科学家还不能确定这些颗粒造成的净效应。
Until now, scientists were unsure of the net effect of these particles.
因此刚生效的延长失业救济期间法案可能产生就业率及产出下降的净效应。
Thus the net effect of the just-enacted extension of unemployment benefits is likely to be to reduce employment and output.
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