知道了这一点，假设攻击者构造了一条IC MP回应消息，它的头中包含伪造的任意主机a的源地址，如192.168.2.2。

Knowing this, imagine that an attacker constructs an ICMP echo message containing the spoofed source address of some arbitrary Host a, such as 192.168.2.2, in its header.

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2008年4月，当弗兰克斯通知帕克，韦特海姆的结论是这些指纹是伪造时。帕克告诉她关于这幅画他有自己的消息：“我们两个星期前把它卖掉了。”

In April, 2008, when Franks informed Parker that Wertheim had concluded that the prints were forged, Parker told her that he had his own news about the painting: "we sold it about two weeks ago."

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这种攻击和Rails验证储存在cookie中的消息摘要有关，这个缺陷允许一个攻击者来决定伪造签名能够在什么时候通过验证。

Such an attack is related to how Rails verifies message digests in the cookie store and might allow an attacker to determine when a forged signature is partially correct.

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