因此，尽管EFSF基金计划给国债投资人提供担保，欧洲领导人执意无偿减记希腊债务的行为，无疑将加大欧元区的债务担保难度。
So while the EFSF scheme is designed to offer insurance to bondholders, the European leaders' insistence that the Greek writedown be voluntary will make euro-zone debt harder to insure.
而这个计划发表于欧洲外债危机爆发，国际货币基金组织帮助希腊摆脱困境，而西班牙面临着投资者们的相继离去时。
It follows the onset of a sovereign debt crisis in Europe which has seen Greece bailed out by the IMF and Spain face an investor exodus.
其基金的客户包括欧美富豪，以及对冲基金，欧洲多家银行，和那些看似精明的投资者。 他们都被马显赫背景套住了。
Clients of his funds include wealthy individuals in the U.S. and Europe, along with funds of hedge funds, European banks and other seemingly savvy investors lured by Madoff's pedigree and charm.
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