模底接触区与自由变形区交界处的大塑性变形区依次处于板料曲面内双向伸长变形和平面应变状态；
The zone between the region contacted with bottom of the mould and the free forming region shows stretch forming and then transferred to plane strain state.
工具钢的一些应用有钻头、深压模、底刃、冲床、挤出模及切割刀具等。
Some applications of tool steels include drills, deep drawing dies, shear blades, punches, extrusion dies, and cutting tools.
将一块大小足以充填模腔并能稍有溢出的加热金属放入底模，并将顶模加压合拢，这块金属便获得该模腔的形状。
A piece of hot metal sufficient to slightly overfill the die shape is placed in the bottom die, and the top die is forced against it, so that the metal takes the internal shape of the die.
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