构型保持发生在当一个进入基团不经过转化就直接（同侧）取代离去基团时。构型保持也发生在连续的两步反应中，也就是说，一个暂时的某团从离去某团的背面进攻手性中心，得到构型转化的产物，然后经过第一次转化被最终的基团取代。
提出了基于切换增益衰减因子的变切换增益变结构控制律，实现了高精度的分布式卫星构型保持鲁棒控制，较好地克服了误差收敛时间和控制精度的矛盾；
The robust precise formation keeping of the DSS was realized based on the control law, and the conflict between control time and control precision was conquered using the control law.
结果三明治构型肝细胞能较好地耐受低温损伤，保持较高的细胞活率和蛋白合成功能，更好地维持了肝细胞形态。
Results Hepatocytes preserved in a sandwich configuration were superior to those cultured in a single collagen configuration in morphology and function.
在第一构型(例如，展开构型)中，储存弹性应力的第一分布与至少两个增强皱折(12)保持平衡。
In a first configuration (e. g. open configuration), a first distribution of stored elastic stresses is counterbalanced against at least two reinforcing corrugations (12).
应用推荐