采用最大似然估计或最大后验概率准则，用估计值来取代前面等式中的真实值。
Either the maximum likelihood estimate or the maximum a posteriori estimate may be used in place of the exact value in the above equations.
结果表明：方差分析法估计值偏差最大，而约束最大似然法的估计值最准确。
The simulation results indicate that the estimates of REML are most accurate and the estimates of ANOVA are most biased, compared with those of the other methods.
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