这个故障是由脚本程序出错造成的。

The bug was caused by an error in the script.

《牛津词典》

最近的恶化是由貌似没完没了的萧条造成的。

The recent deterioration has been caused by an apparently endless recession.

《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

非常高比例的同盟死伤是由误伤造成的。

An extraordinarily high percentage of allied casualties were caused by friendly fire.

《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

This is the fact that we occupy a finite volume in space, because they're little hard spheres in this molecule.

这是由气体分子在空间中,占据有限体积造成的,因为事实上它们是硬的小圆球。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Verse in which there is nothing but the beat of the metre furnished by the accents of the polysyllabic words we call doggerel. Verse is not that.

诗句中没有其他的东西,只有节奏,这节奏是由多音节的词造成的,我们叫打油诗，诗歌不是这个。

耶鲁公开课 - 现代诗歌课程节选

When Hobbes uses the term "art" there, " "For by art is created," that term is deeply revealing of his purpose.

当霍布斯用“艺术“这个词，“是由艺术造成的,深刻地揭示了他的目的。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选