提出一种无需放样路线的中桩，也无需测定横断面方向，在导线点上直接放样路线边线的新方法。
A new method which neither center stakes nor cross - sectional directions about route layout side slope stakes from traverse stations, is discussed in this paper.
这一参数直接反映出冰与结构综合作用条件对系统动力效应的控制水平，为冰激柔性直立桩结构振动问题的研究开辟了一个重要的突破方向。
This parameter directly reflects the interaction level of ice and structure, and creates an important breakthrough direction in the research of ice induced vibration of compliant vertical column.
应力波反射法在检测基桩质量的应用上存在着方法上的局限，且桩身缺陷的方向性对检测结果影响极大。
The stress - wave reflection method exist limitation in testing the quality of foundation pile. The direction of defects in pile body exerts a tremendous influence on testing results.
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