这些通过断言携带的信息可通过断言方(发布断言者)和依赖方(为认证或授权的目的而接受断言者)交换。

Such information is carried by assertions exchanged by asserting parties (who issue the assertion) and the relying party (who receive the assertion for authentication or authorization purpose).

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断言通常通过基于某种依赖方(也称为服务提供商或SP)请求的断言方(也称为身份提供商或IdP)创建。

Identity Provider or IdP based on a request of some sort from a relying party A.K.A. Service Provider or SP.

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断言通常通过基于某种依赖方(也称为服务提供商或SP)请求的断言方(也称为身份提供商或IdP)创建，它们包含服务提供者用于访问控制决策的语句。

Identity provider or IdP based on a request of some sort from a relying party A.K.A. Service provider or SP, and they contain statements that service providers use to make access control decisions.

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