总的来说，一个计算机系统是由不同的“子系统”组成的，因此程序员需要掌握一些设计技巧或者自上而下的思维方法，这样才能从整体上把握全局。
Generally, a computer system is comprised of different "sub" systems so a programmer needs to have some design or top-down thinking skills to see the program from the larger picture.
现代计算机中内置的高级电源配置管理界面(Advanced Configuration and Power Interface, ACPI)和电源配置系统为降低整体功耗提供了各种方法。
Advanced configuration and power Interface (ACPI) and the power configuration systems built into modern computers provide a wide range of options for reducing overall power consumption.
可信计算是在计算和通信系统中广泛使用基于硬件安全模块支持下的可信计算平台，以提高整体的安全性。
The trusted computing based on the hardware security module supporting is the platform to enhance the whole security broadly used in the computation and the communications system.
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