引发癌症的原因多种多样，包括放射线辐射、化学物刺激以及病毒感染等，不同个体对诱发癌症的外因有不同程度的抵制能力。
There are many different causes, ranging from radiation to chemicals to viruses; an individual has varying degrees of control over exposure to cancer-causing agents.
该技术是通过放射线照射或者使用化学方法使基因变异。
The technique has been to mutate the genes by irradiation or chemicals.
对比剂的渗漏为日常放射线学检查常见问题，组织反应之严重程度与渗漏对比剂的量、渗透压、化学成份有关。
The severity of tissue reaction to the extravasated contrast media depends on several factors: amount, osmolarity, and chemical components of contrast media.
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