有大量发表的研究描述了香烟消费的价格和收入弹性。
There is a large volume of published studies describing the price and income elasticity on cigarette consumption.
本章基于1990年代之前和之后的研究，回顾了公共汽车费用、收入、服务和交叉价格弹性的文献。
This chapter reviews the literature on bus fare, income, service and cross price elasticities based on studies prior to and after 1990s.
需求受价格和收入变动的影响，可以分为需求价格弹性、需求收入弹性、需求交叉弹性。
The demand is affected by price and income, classified as price elasticity of demand, income elasticity of demand and cross elasticity of demand.
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