天外陨石对地球表面的快速冲击而产生的环形凹陷构造。强大的冲击波可使陨石坑内岩石破碎和角砾岩化,并伴有同心状或放射状断裂,以及形成高压矿物如柯石英和斯石英等,甚至使部分岩石熔融形成熔岩状物质或因强烈震动而崩裂出一个火山。加拿大一著名镍矿床即位于这种构造中。人们认为镍物质系来自天外星体。
随着富勒烯在陨石和撞击构造中的发现，人们更加关注事件地层中富勒烯存在的可能性以及它们的可能来源。
Since the discover of fullerene in meteorites and meteorite impact structure, the existences of fullerenes in event strata and its origins have come to the front of scientists.
湖泊分类：构造湖、火山口湖、冲积残留湖、堰塞湖、冰川湖、喀斯特湖、风成湖、陨石撞击湖和人工湖。
Types of lakes: tectonic lake, crater lake, fluvial lake, dammed lake, glacier lake, karst lake, Aeolian lake, impact crater lake and artificial lake.
同时地球也遭受着其残骸的撞击——尽管我们不平静的地球已经用“板块构造理论”抹去了这些伤痕。
The Earth would have been pummelled by debris at the same time, although plate tectonics on our restless planet have since erased the scars.
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