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这些公式在形式上符合设计者的习惯，且考虑了板托的影响，计算精度优于换算截面法。
These formulas accord with the designer's habit in the form and consider the influence of the concrete haunch.
基于换算截面法，运用变分原理对开裂混凝土连续箱梁的剪力滞效应进行了分析，并与规范方法和试验结果进行了对比。
Based on transformed section method, shear lag effect of continuous box girder was analyzed adopting variational principle, and compared with design code and experimental result.
阐述单轴对称截面轴心受压构件弯曲屈曲和弯扭屈曲两种失稳形式，以及绕截面对称轴弯扭屈曲换算长细比的计算方法和应用实例。
The flexural buckling and flexural-torsional buckling modes of a monosymmetric section column are presented and the equivalent slenderness ratio for flexural-torsional buckling is derived.
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