对标准化工作的原则和一些具体做法的统一规定，称为指导性标准。例如：产品型号编制规则、各类标准编制导则等。
因此迫切需要有一指导性文件，乃至制订标准，予以规范。
So there is an urgent need to have a guideline, or even a standard to make them standardized.
课程标准是规定某一学科的课程性质、课程理念、内容目标、实施建议的教学指导性文件。
Curriculum standards are to provide for the nature of a particular curriculum subjects, curriculum ideas, content objectives, the implementation of the proposed guidance document for teaching.
TMN对于一个具体网管系统的开发只具有指导性的意义，即只提供了一系列的标准和框架，而未给出具体开发和实现的方法。
TMN only has a general instruction to the programming of the network management system, only puts forward series standards and architectures.
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