为了读懂地图，要注意指南针方向、图例以及基准线。
To read a map, take note of the compass direction, the legend, and the reference lines.
偏离垂直方向的角度，与指南针方向无关，以度数来表示。
The deviation from vertical, irrespective of compass direction, expressed in degrees.
在指南针发明之前，水手们必须依靠星星来确定方向。
Before it was invented, sailors had to depend on the stars to find direction.
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