抗药性害虫是指长期使用一种或几种农药后,因适应性的增强而导致对该药增加抗性的害虫。其表现是虫越治越多,危害越来越重,用药越来越浓,施药成本越来越高。据1981年统计,世界上抗药性害虫已超过400种,象我国的三化螟、棉蚜、棉铃虫、苹果红蜘蛛等均是。克服的办法是交替或混合用药,也可采用超低微量喷雾,既提高防效,又减轻环境污染。但混用要注意药性,避免破坏药效。还可实行化防同生防协调进行,一旦虫口密度下降,就坚持生物防治。
然而,这种方法已经导致了害虫对杀虫剂的抗药性,同时也已经给人类健康和环境造成了严重的负面影响。
However, this approach has led to the evolution of resistance to pesticides and has severely negative impact on human health and the environment.
缺点:污染环境,杀伤天敌,害虫抗药性产生,导致次要害虫上升为主要害虫。
Weakness: the pollution of the environment, killer predators, pests drug-resistant produce, cause secondary pests for the main insect pests rise.
本文简要阐述了昆虫抗药性的历史演变、分子机制及害虫的抗性治理。
This paper briefly describes the historical evolution of insect resistance, molecular mechanisms and pest resistance management.
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