只有在20世纪时，随着儿科学和心理学的发展，这些研究才能在一个更客观的基础上进行，即使这一基础仍然不一定很科学。

It was only with the growth of paediatrics and psychology in the twentieth century that studies could be carried out on a more objective, if still not always very scientific, basis.

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事实上，据发展心理学家大卫·艾尔金德所说，美国社会急于催促逼迫孩子，以至于他们在很小的时候就开始感受到了压力。

In fact, according to developmental psychologist David Elkind, United States society tends to push children so rapidly that they begin to feel stress and pressure at a young age.

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这让我想到研究的第三个领域，它并不能支持单性别学校教育，而且实际上表明这种做法是有害的，那就是社会发展心理学。

That brings me to the third area of research which fails to support single-sex schooling and indeed suggests the practice is actually harmful: social developmental psychology.

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And developmental psychologists use many ingenious methods to try to pull these apart and try to figure out what are the basic components of human nature.

发展心理学家们使用了许多巧妙的方法,试图将这些因素分开,试图找出人性的基本成分,究竟是什么

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The discipline of psychology spills over to issues of how the mind has evolved.

心理学学科充满了心理如何发展的问题

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And the question that preoccupies developmental psychologists is how do we come to have this knowledge, and in particular, how much of it is hard-wired, built-in, innate.

发展心理学家们所关心的问题,就是我们如何获得这些知识的,特别是,这其中有多少是固有的,内在的,天生的

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