从现代住区到城市空间的建设，现代人居环境无不体现着开放性生态系统的观念。

The construction of modern habitation and the city room embodies the concept of open ecosystem.

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比较详细地论述了生态系统的四个基本特征：层次性、开放性、非线性与远离平衡；

Then, we point out a procedure which modern ecology research should obey, and discuss the four basic characteristics of ecosystem in detail: level, opening, nonlinear and far-from-equilibrium.

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