又称不发达经济学，是研究不发达地区未来经济与社会发展的道路、模式、战略及其规律性的科学。
ESS是博弈论中定义的一个概念，但它同样也适用于经济学、生物学、心理学和软件开发。
The ESS is a concept defined in game theory, but it applies just as well to economics, biology, psychology, and software development.
孟德尔和马库斯·弗莱明在国际货币基金组织共同开发了另一个对促成货币联盟形成同样重要的概念——“不可能的三位一体”，这一观点进入了经济学教科书。
Equally important to the decision to join a monetary union was another of Mundell’s insights, developed with Marcus Fleming at the International Monetary Fund, which entered the economics textbooks.
运用经济学和数学分析的方法，研究旅游资源的合理配置，为旅游资源的开发利用提供了合理的选择方式。
By using economic and mathematic analysis to study how to rationally dispose tourist resources, it also supplies proper ways for developing and utilizing them.
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