上述特征已经在硬件相关的系统中广泛地研究和实现了若干年。
The above characteristics have been researched and implemented to a large extent within hardware-related systems for a number of years now.
无论是像光子这样的轻粒子，还是分子，甚至是可见的微粒，它们的量子态都已经被广泛地研究过了。
The "quantum states" of atoms, light particles known as photons, molecules and even objects big enough to be seen have been extensively studied.
好的管理行为已经被深入地研究和广泛地学习，但是现实中，还是违反的多于遵循的。
Good management has been thoroughly studied and is widely understood, but it is still more honored in its breach than in its practice.
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