马丁揭示，在哪些可以追溯到祖先的线粒体基因上，有75%或更多的成分来自当时外来的细菌而非宿主细胞。

Martin has shown that, of the eukaryotic genes whose ancestry can be traced, 75 per cent or more came from bacteria rather than the host cell.

youdao

我们正在研究一种很少人知晓的共生互动关系，在这种关系中，细菌保护其宿主免受病原体侵害，而不是那种更为常见的为其提供营养方面。

We are studying one of the few known symbiotic interactions in which the bacterial partner defends its host against pathogens — rather than providing a nutritional benefit, which is more common.

youdao

巴恩·索特的最新发现显示了微生物们惊人的“语言”天赋：细菌们不但彼此谈话交流，同时还偷偷地监听他们人类宿主发出的信号。

But it's Bjarnsholt's latest discovery that reveals microbes' gift for language: the bacteria aren't just talking amongst themselves, but also quietly listening in on signals sent by their human host.

youdao

Get a gene, put it in a plasmid, get that plasmid expressed in a host, could even be a bacterial host,right?

把一个基因导入一个质粒,让质粒在宿主中表达,这个宿主甚至可以是细菌,对吧

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now that's going to be important when we talk about making human gene - making human proteins inside alternate hosts like bacteria, that they can't do all the things that your cells can do.

这一步骤在我们谈到,利用像细菌那样的宿主,来生成人类蛋白时非常重要,因为细菌并不具备人类细胞的全部功能

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选