当实验种群在简单的实验室条件下建立起来时,捕食者往往会消灭它的猎物,然后自己也走向灭绝,因为没有东西可以吃。
When experimental populations are set up under simple laboratory conditions, the predator often exterminates its prey and then becomes extinct itself, having nothing left to eat.
而且它们正不断得到改善,在实验室条件下效率可达17%。
And they are getting better, with over 17% efficiency achieved in lab conditions.
我们发现很多基因突变以后在实验室条件下没有可见的表型。
Many genes have been found that, when mutated, show no visible phenotypic effects under laboratory conditions.
That tells us the direction of spontaneous change for ordinary processes, chemical processes, mixing and you name it, under conditions that are easy to achieve in the lab.
这个物理量告诉我们在实验室,能够实现的条件下通常的过程,化学过程,混合以及你所能想到的过程,自发进行的方向。
Of course, they're all sorts of conditions under which a reaction could be wrong in the lab or outdoors or however, right. But this is the way we're going to define delta H of reaction.
当然,在实验室或室外,之类的环境中,在这些条件下,反应可能出错,但这是我们,要定义反应的△H的方法。
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