科学家们通过研究那些超新星去测量宇宙膨胀随时间的变化。
They were using these supernovae to measure how the universe's expansion is changing with time.
这些变化导致早期宇宙的温度瞬间不同，这些我们能在宇宙的微波背景上看出来。
These variations caused minute differences in the temperature of the early universe, which we can see in the cosmic microwave background.
该项工作对宇宙学有直接的启示作用，同时表明在在早期的宇宙中红与蓝向移位无规律的变化是混沌的。
The work has direct implications for cosmology and shows in particular that the erratic changes between red - and blue-shift directions in the early universe were in fact chaotic.
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