向矿企征收的实际税费却下跌了不止一半，从过去十年初期的大约34%下降到2008至09年的不到14%。

The actual charge to mining companies has fallen by more than half, from about 34% of profits earlier this decade to less than 14% in 2008-09.

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薪水不涨甚至降低，小时工看到他们的工资减少，大约有一半的人在过去的几年中被解雇，勉强接受工资较低的新工作。

Salaries are stagnant or lower, hourly workers are seeing their shifts cut, and about half the people who've been laid off and found new jobs over the past year have had to settle for less pay.

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在过去的五年中，Downs和他的团队已经确定了地球4000种矿物中大约一半矿物的拉曼模式。

Over the past five years, Downs and his team have identified the Raman patterns of about half the Earth's 4,000 minerals.

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