本文概述了地方铅垂线变化震前异常的原因、监测网的建立、研究进展以及展望。

The paper outlines the cause of anomalous local plumb-line variations before earthquakes; the establishment of monitoring networks; the progress and prospect of research.

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本文分析了引起强震前天文测时测纬异常现象的原因问题，认为这种异常主要是地下水活动引起垂线变化的结果。

The question of the cause of the anomalous deviation of the results of the astronomical time and latitude determinations before a strong earthquake has been analysed in this paper.

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利用该流速分布模型，得到挟沙水流的卡门常数沿垂线是变化的结论，即从近底区的约0.4渐变到主流区的小于0.4。

By use of this model, it is demonstrated that the Karman constant is varied in vertical distance from near (0.4) in near bed region to below (0.4) in main flow region.

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