他说，“新兴spring产品组合可能会回归Spring在面向方面编程中的本源。”

Emerging Spring Portfolio products may be getting back to Spring's roots in aspect-oriented programming, he added.

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不过，在面向方面编程（AOP）出现之前，为横切行为（如安全、事务管理或者持久性）编写测试很困难。

Prior to the advent of aspect-oriented programming (AOP), however, it was difficult to write certain kinds of tests for crosscutting behavior such as security, transaction management, or persistence.

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与 PHP V4 提供的特性相比，2004 年发布的 PHP V5 在面向对象编程（OOP）和设计方面向前迈出了很大的一步。

When PHP V5 was released in 2004, it was a giant leap forward compared to what PHP V4 provided in regards to object-oriented programming (OOP) and design.

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