过程域的范围从需求管理到项目计划，从风险管理到因果分析与裁定。

Process areas range from Requirements Management to Project Planning, and from Risk Management to Causal Analysis and Resolution.

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在可以预见的历史阶段里，根据已知的因果律，我们根本无法确定这样的进化过程是否真正存在。

We do not know whether such an evolutionary process — with predictable stages, with known causes and effects — even exists.

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斯宾塞的领土扩张模式主张国家是随着相互因果的进化而兴起的，这个过程包含了领土扩张和官僚化得同时性。

Spencer's territorial-expansion model argues that states arise through a mutual-causal process involving simultaneous territorial expansion and bureaucratization.

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