具体言之,它由三部分组成:一是发声行为(phonetic act),即发出某种声音的行为;二是发音行为(phatic act),即发出某些音节的行为,而这些音节又与某些特定语言的词汇、语法相符合。
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即使在家长和孩子们在看电视时积极互动,但只要电视打开,无论是几分钟或者几小时,其净效果都是使得发声行为减少。
Even when parents and children interacted actively while watching TV together, the net effect of having it turned on, for a few minutes or hours, was a drop in vocalizations.
那之前,我总觉得是整个人在发声,从来没有想到说话的行为可以这样割裂开来看。
I had always thought the whole man spoke — had never even imagined that the act of speech could be viewed in this detached way.
母鸡也会改变行为,提高警觉性,减少梳理羽毛的次数,增加向雏鸡发声的次数。
The hens also changed their behaviour, and reacted with increased alertness, decreased preening and increased vocalisations directed to their chicks.
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