小兴安岭森林落叶分解与土壤动物的作用。

Decomposition of forest defoliation and role of soil animals in Xiao Hinggan Mountains.

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此时，尽管绵羊、山羊和牛也会发挥非常重要的作用，马已经成为许多地区人们眼中珍贵的动物。

Here, the horse was already becoming the animal of prestige in many regions, though sheep, goats, and cattle could also play a vital role.

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书页通常使用的材料是羊皮纸，羊皮纸是一种动物的皮肤，其在张力的作用下被拉伸和变干，因此它会变得非常平整，并且你可以在上面写字。

The material typically used for the pages was parchment, which is animal skin that's stretched and dried under tension, so it become s really flat and can be written on.

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The findings of classical conditioning have been extended and replicated in all sorts of animals including crabs, fish, cockroaches and so on.

经典条件作用在所有的动物研究中,都得到了扩展和重复,这些动物包括了螃蟹，鱼类，蟑螂等。

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So, this all seems a very technical phenomena related to animals and the like but it's easy to see how it generalizes and how it extends.

经典条件作用似乎是关于动物的,科学现象,但其实典条件作用发生,及其相关概念都简单易懂。

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Mechanisms like habituation, classical conditioning and operant conditioning are real; they can be scientifically studied; and they play an important role in the lives of animals and probably an important role in human lives as well.

诸如习惯化，经典条件作用，操作性条件作用之类的机制,都是真实存在的;,这些机制都能得到科学的研究;,它们在动物的生活里起到了重要的作用,或许在我们人类的生活中,也同样起到了重要的作用。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选