云对沙尘层辐射加热(冷却)率的影响与云的高度和厚度有关。
The impacts of clouds on the radiative heating rate depend on the height and thickness of clouds.
首次利用约束热处理结合热机械训练获得了加热伸长、冷却收缩的双向记忆效应弹簧，其伸长率达60%。
A TWSME extension spring, which can extend upon heating and contract upon cooling was obtained using constrained annealing and thermo-mechanical training, the elongation can reach 60%.
物料加热表面受到对流冷却，并讨论了物料的吸收系数，折射率，导热系数，换热系数，物料表面辐射特性对温度场的影响。
The effects of absorption coefficient, refractive index, heat conductivity, convective heat-transfer coefficient and radiative properties of the surf ace on the temperature field are discussed too.
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