1998年，针对初级保健医师开展的一项调查显示，有必要在农村地区实施专业培训方面的新干预措施。
A 1998 survey among primary care physicians signalled the need for new interventions conducive to professional development in rural areas.
调研人员开始调查时总是先收集次级资料以判断问题是否部分或全部解决了，而不是先去收集成本很高的初级资料。
Researchers usually start their investigation by examining secondary data to see whether their problem can be partly or wholly solved without collecting costly primary data.
收集初级资料的方法有四种：观察、专题讨论、问卷调查和实验。
Primary data can be collected in four ways; observation, focus groups, surveys and experiment.
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