在地理信息系统领域，由于空间数据的特点，分布式地理信息系统的理论和实践还有待完善。

However, the theory and the practice of distributed GIS need further improvement in virtue of problems brought by the spatial data.

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文章阐述了分布式物理水文模型、地理信息系统（GIS）和遥感（RS）技术在流域模拟中的应用等方面的进展。

The remarkable trends of watershed hydrological models are the research of physically distributed based models and the use of Geography Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technology.

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本文详细阐述了基于GIS(地理信息系统)的分布式数据库在电信线路管理方面的应用。

This paper mainly introduces the application of distributed database based on GIS in telecommunication circuit resource management system.

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