它通过受感染跳蚤的咬伤、直接接触、吸入和极少摄入传染物在动物与人之间传播。
It is transmitted between animals and humans by the bite of infected fleas, direct contact, inhalation and rarely, ingestion of infective materials.
所有样品，洗涤液和各种废弃物都应按传染物处理。
All samples, washing buffer and each kind of reject should according to infective material process.
早在公元200年，人们就开始使用失活的或者微量的含传染物的药剂来使自己对传染病免疫。
Since as early as 200 BC, people began to use disabled or minute amounts of infectious agents to immunize themselves against infections.
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