...-oriented）的欺骗，说谎者基于获得某种利益、避免利益受损或受到惩罚的目的而欺骗；而“利他的”、 他人导向（other-oriented）的欺骗，则是为他人的利益获得或使他人避免损失及惩罚，或为使他人免受心理伤害而撒谎。
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该研究用中国被试进行研究，结果证实该量表存在三个因子：外向、表演和他人导向。
Factor analysis with Chinese participants showed that in the scale there were three factors: extroversion, acting, and other-directedness.
我们并不建议美国人放弃他们的自我意识和与此有关的责任，转以“他人为导向”，即使他们可以这样做。
We are not suggesting that americans abandon their sense of self and the responsibility associated with it and shift to "other-directedness," even if they could.
这就是取缔了电视制作自由市场的问题：任何不卑不亢，以收视率为导向的广播机构，都会在此时考虑他人的需求切换到其它比赛。
That's the problem with taking away the free market: Any self-respecting, ratings-oriented broadcaster would have cut away to fit in somebody else's vault.
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