但想要分清这些反应是先天本能，还是后天习得可不是那么容易。
But it is difficult to say if these reactions are instinctive or learnt.
那么，这些研究的发现意味着自豪的表现并不是单纯的从文化模式中后天习得，而是来源于与人类生存之道息息相关的先天本能。
These findings, then, imply that displays of pride are not simply cultural stereotypes learnt after birth, but an innate form of behavior that was relevant to the way humans lived.
同样，虽然孩童对枪并不存在本能的惧怕，人们还是很快就能习得对枪的正确反应。
Similarly, though children has no instinctual fear of guns, they can learn the correct reaction to guns in a short time.
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