然而，有时候，一些消极想法可能会阻止我们。

However, at times, some negative (消极的) ideas may stop us.

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我们都认识一些消极的人。

We all know people who are negative.

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也许是决定去反驳你每天都有的一些消极的想法。

Maybe it's deciding to talk back to just one negative thought you have every day.

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So, the claim about a phobia is that there's a bad association between, say dog and fear, or between airplanes or snakes and some bad response.

比如说，恐惧症就是在狗和恐惧之间,或是在飞机，蛇和一些糟糕反应之间，存在着消极的联结。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选