Barzilai centered his studies on Ashkenazim not because they live longer or produce more centenarians than other ethnic groups. They don't.

Barzilai总结了他关于东欧犹太人的研究，并不仅仅因为他们比其他种群中的人们长寿或是产生了更多的百岁老人，他们并没有。

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His argument is that the unusual history of the Ashkenazim has subjected them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this paradoxical state of affairs.

他认为正是异常的历史环境强加给了德系犹太人独有的进化压力，才导致了这些看似奇怪的现象。

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Dr Cochran argues that something similar happened to the Ashkenazim. Genes that promote intelligence in an individual when present as a single copy create disease when present as a double copy.

Cochran博士认为，德系犹太人也面临着同样的情况，他们的某些基因如果以单组出现就可以提高智力，一旦以双组出现就会引起疾病。

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To prevent this, Ashkenazim often take a test for the mutation, and, if positive, avoid marrying other carriers.

ECONOMIST: A test of uncertainty

Although, unlike a Tay-Sachs test, BRCA tests make no definite predictions, some manufacturers are marketing them especially for Ashkenazim.

ECONOMIST: A test of uncertainty

The Ashkenazim paper caused quite a stir at the time.

ECONOMIST: Human evolution