Dolichocephaly is a condition where the head is longer than would be expected, relative to its width. The skulls of Neanderthals show a marked dolichocephaly compared to other humans, past or present. In humans, scaphocephaly is a form of dolicocephaly.Dolicocephalic dog breeds (such as German Shepherd Dogs), have an elongated nose. This predisposes them to fungal diseases of the nose such as aspergillosis.It can present in cases of Sensenbrenner syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, Sotos syndrome, as well as Marfan syndrome.